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Part Ⅰ The Field of Business Discourse3

1 What Is Business Discourse?3

1.1 What is business discourse?3

1.2 A short history of business discourse5

Profile：Mirjaliisa Charles9

1.3 The hallmarks of business discourse research13

Types of data14

The link between data and methodology：multimethod research17

Research purpose：description and prescription18

English versus other business languages19

The importance of the organizational context21

1.4 Different approaches to business discourse research24

Discourse and power24

Profile：Karen Lee Ashcraft26

Critical approaches and business discourse27

Intercultural business discourse30

1.5 Business discourse around the world32

Profile：Gina Poncini34

Profile：Janet Holmes36

Profile：Sharon Livesey40

Profile：Winnie Cheng40

Profile：Judith Baxter42

1.6 Summary43

Further reading43

Chapter 1 Tasks44

2 Challenges in the Future45

2.1 Towards transculturality45

Rapport management49

2.2 Media,technology and business discourse58

Multimodality59

Hypermodality62

Multimodality for business discourse68

2.3 From multimethod research to multidisciplinarity69

Discursive strategies in multicultural business meetings71

Identity and role construction：gender and discourse in management72

Discourse and the projection of corporate culture：the mission statement73

Discourse analysis and business meetings74

Multidisciplinarity in the study of business discourse77

Profile：Shanta Nair-Venugopal79

Profile：Dalvir Samra-Fredericks81

Profile：Rick Iedema83

Profile：Lorenza Mondada85

Further reading86

Chapter 2 Tasks87

Part Ⅱ Applying Business Discourse Research87

3 Research-Based Business Discourse Teaching91

3.1 Professionals and professors：substance or style?91

Methodology92

Findings and relationship with previous studies93

How useful is survey research?94

3.2 Teaching English to meet the needs of business education in Hong Kong96

Methodology96

A survey of business professors：teacher perspective98

The interface between the academy and the business world：occupational perspective99

The implications of the project：project recommendations100

Research into practice?101

3.3 A corpus-based study of Business English and Business English teaching materials102

The Business English Corpus103

Findings of the BEC/BNC corpus analysis105

What is Business English?107

The BEC and the development of teaching materials111

3.4 Promoting intercultural communicative competence through foreign language courses112

The business projects and tasks113

The implications of the project115

3.5 The CIBW and IBLC：a course in international business writing and the Indianapolis Business Learner Corpus117

The research project118

The CIBW teaching project121

The ILBC-CIBW project：research into practice123

Further reading126

Chapter 3 Tasks126

4 Research-Based Consultancy Work127

4.1 The REFLECT project127

Standardization versus adaptation?129

4.2 Horizontal corporate communication131

Methodology and findings132

Implications134

English as a corporate language：strategy or hegemony?135

4.3 The Language in the Workplace(LWP)Project138

Areas of interest139

Business discourse research in authentic settings142

4.4 An ESP programme for management in the horse-racing business143

Findings and implications145

ESBP or business discourse?146

4.5 Forms as a source of communication problems147

Methodology and findings148

Implications149

A way forward for business discourse research151

Further reading152

Chapter 4 Tasks153

5 Research-based Teaching Materials154

Introduction154

5.1 A brief survey of published teaching materials155

5.2 Practice-driven approaches160

5.3 Theory-driven approaches164

5.4 Data-driven approaches166

5.5 Commentary171

Further reading172

Chapter 5 Tasks172

Part Ⅲ Researching Business Discourse175

6 Themes and Research Strategies175

Introduction175

6.1 Corporate communicative practices in Brazil176

Methodology177

Main findings178

Implications and relationship with similar studies178

6.2 Email and English in an Anglo-Dutch multinational181

Methodology181

Main findings183

Implications and relationship with similar studies184

6.3 Between text and context：the mission statement185

Methodology186

Main findings and relationship with similar studies188

Implications of Swales and Rogers'study189

6.4 English in Dutch iob ads：evaluation and comprehension190

Methodology192

Main findings and relationship with similar studies194

Studying the use and effects of foreign languages other than English in advertising discourse196

In conclusion198

Further reading198

Chapter 6 Tasks199

7 Research Methodologies,Frameworks and Project Ideas200

7.1 Investigating the business environment：studies of business discourse in context200

Business discourse practices and communication needs in organizations：quantitative approaches201

Business discourse practices and business discourse in context：qualitative approaches205

Investigating context：the impact of ICT and new media on corporate practices208

7.2 Researching written business communication213

Survey-based research into business writing：quantitative approaches213

Identifying text typology：genre-based studies of writing217

7.3 Researching spoken business discourse221

Studying business talk：approaches inspired by CA(Conversation Analysis)221

Studying business talk：approaches inspired by pragmatics and speech act theory227

Studies of business negotiation231

7.4 Investigating text quality and text production：studies in(business)document design234

Text evaluation：testing a public document in a multilingual context235

Text production：the collaborative construction of a new text form239

Further reading242

8 Research Cases244

8.1 Customer-friendly e-service?How Dutch and American companies deal with customers'email inquiries244

Introduction and aims245

Method246

Data246

Analysis248

Main findings248

Commentary251

8.2 Standardize or adapt?Audience reaction to localized product advertisements252

Introduction and aims252

Method254

Main findings256

Commentary257

8.3 Tailor-made teaching：the English workplace needs of textile merchandisers in Chinese Hong Kong258

Introduction and aims258

Method259

Main findings260

Commentary263

8.4 English as a lingua franca in corporate mergers264

Introduction and aims264

Method266

Main findings267

Commentary271

8.5 The use of metadiscourse in the CEO's letter272

Introduction and aims272

Method274

Main findings275

Commentary277

8.6 A multimodal analysis of text and photographic themes in annual general reports278

Introduction and aims278

Method279

Main findings281

Commentary282

8.7 Investigating international audience reaction to the annual report in English：UK-based financial analysts'response to Dutch-English and British letters to stakeholders283

Introduction and aims284

Method286

Main findings288

Commentary289

8.8 Social media in corporate communications：an analysis of the corporate blog as a relationship-building tool290

Introduction and aims291

Method293

Main findings294

Commentary295

8.9 The storytelling organization：a narrative analysis of change accounts297

Introduction and aims297

Method298

Main findings300

Commentary300

8.10 What's your style?Does adapting communication style to local audiences make business newsletters more effective?302

Introduction and aims302

Method304

Main findings306

Commentary306

Part Ⅳ Resources306

9 A Guide to Resources for Business Discourse Research311

9.1 Books,edited collections and special issues311

Book-length studies311

Edited collections312

Recent journal special issues(from 2002)314

9.2 Journals314

Business and corporate communication journals314

Other relevant journals which publish papers on Business Discourse and its sub-fields316

9.3 Professional associations318

Specially devoted to business discourse318

With an interest in business discourse and business-related language teaching318

With an interest in culture,communication and management in international business319

9.4 Principal conferences and workshops319

Other relevant conferences and workshops319

9.5 Email lists and bulletin boards320

9.6 Databases and abstracting journals320

9.7 Corpora321

9.8 Postgraduate courses at Masters and PhD level321

References323

Index357