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Ⅰ. ENTREE3

1. Introduction: International Humanitarian Law and International Human Rights Law--Pas de Deux&Orna Ben-Naftali3

Ⅱ. ADAGIO13

2. Human Rights and Humanitarian Law as Competing Legal Paradigms for Fighting Terror&Yuval Shany13

3. The Role of Human Rights and International Humanitarian Law in New Types of Armed Conflicts&Marco Sassoli34

4. Norm Conflicts, International Humanitarian Law, and Human Rights Law&Marko Milanovic95

Ⅲ. VARIATIONS129

5. Patho LAW gical Occupation: Normalizing the Exceptional Case of the Occupied Palestinian Territory and Other Legal Pathologies&Orna Ben-Naftali129

6. The Role of the European Court of Human Rights in Monitoring Compliance with Humanitarian Law in Armed Conflict&Andrea Gioia201

7. Cultural Heritage in Human Rights and Humanitarian Law&Ana Filipa Vrdoljak250

Ⅳ. CODA305

8. Are Victims of Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Entitled to Compensation?&Paola Gaeta305

9. Post-conflict Accountability and the Reshaping of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law&Christine Bell328

Index371

Ⅰ. ENTREE3

1. Introduction: International Humanitarian Law and International Human Rights Law--Pas de Deux&Orna Ben-Naftali3

Ⅱ. ADAGIO13

2. Human Rights and Humanitarian Law as Competing Legal Paradigms for Fighting Terror&Yuval Shany13

1. The Development of Competing Paradigms14

A. The 'law and order' paradigm14

B. The 'armed conflict' paradigm22

2. The Emergence of a Mixed Paradigm?24

A. The co-application of international humanitarian law (IHL) and human rights law24

B. The remaining paradigmatic choice27

3. Conclusions32

3. The Role of Human Rights and International Humanitarian Law in New Types of Armed Conflicts&Marco Sassbli34

1. Introduction34

2. The Allegedly 'New' Situations and the Situations for which the Existing Rules were Made36

A. The allegedly new situations and the controversies surrounding them36

B. The traditional armed conflicts for which international humanitarian law (IHL) was made45

C. Some general thoughts on applying the 'old law' and new situations47

3. An Attempt to Apply Existing Rules of IHL and of International Human Rights Law (IHRL) to the Allegedly 'New' Situations50

A. The applicability of IHL and of IHRL50

B. The simultaneous application of IHL and IHRL in general69

C. Unresolved problems in armed conflicts not of an international character78

4. Conclusion93

4. Norm Conflicts, International Humanitarian Law, and Human Rights Law&Marko Milanovic95

1. Introduction95

2. A Relationship between Norms, not between Regimes98

3. Norm Conflict Avoidance and Norm Conflict Resolution101

A. Defining norm conflict101

B. Methods of norm conflict resolution103

C. Methods of norm conflict avoidance105

D. Unresolvable norm conflicts108

4. Is lexspecialis a Rule of Conflict Avoidance or of Conflict Resolution?113

5. Areas of Potentially Unresolvable Norm Conflict116

A. Preventive detention and judicial review of detention116

B. Necessity in targeting118

C. Transformative occupation121

6. Conclusion123

Ⅲ. VARIATIONS129

5. PathoLAWgical Occupation: Normalizing the Exceptional Case of the Occupied Palestinian Territory and Other Legal Pathologies&Orna Ben-Naftali129

1. Introduction129

2. Anatomy of the Regime132

A. General132

B. Intrinsic dimensions of the Israeli occupation135

C. Extrinsic dimensions of the Israeli occupation159

D. The matrix of an illegal occupation161

3. The Paths of Law162

A. General162

B. The interpretive turn: crafting blind spots163

C. The policy spin: turning a blind eye178

4. Concluding Comments: Eyes Wide Shut198

6. The Role of the European Court of Human Rights in Monitoring Compliance with Humanitarian Law in Armed Conflict&Andrea Gioia201

1. Introduction201

2. The Relationship between the ECHR and International Humanitarian Law (IHL)204

A. The continued application of the ECHR in times of armed conflict204

B. The extraterritorial application of the ECHR in times of armed conflict205

C. IHL as lexspecialis vis-a-vis international human rights law (IHRL)212

D. The competence of the European Court of Human Rights to apply IHL215

3. The Practice of the European Court of Human Rights in Situations Amounting to Armed Conflicts218

A. The existence of an armed conflict219

B. The right to life in armed conflict223

C. The right to liberty in armed conflict238

D. The protection of property and of private and family life during armed conflict242

4. Conclusions245

7. Cultural Heritage in Human Rights and Humanitarian Law&Ana Filipa Vrdoljak250

1. Introduction250

2. International Humanitarian Law (IHL) and Cultural Heritage251

A. Early developments252

B. 1899 Hague II and 1907 Hague IV Conventions and Regulations254

C. 1923 Hague Air Rules256

D. 1949 Geneva Convention IV and Universal Declaration of Human Rights257

E. 1977 Additional Protocols I and II to the 1949 Geneva Conventions262

3. Specialist Regime for Cultural Heritage: The Hague Framework266

A. Roerich Pact and 1935 Washington Treaty267

B. 1938 OIM Draft Convention and 1939 OIM Declaration268

C. 1954 Hague Convention, and First and Second Hague Protocols271

4. International Criminal Law and Cultural Heritage280

A. Violation of the laws and customs of war281

B. Crime against humanity of persecution286

C. Genocide291

5. Concluding Remarks299

Ⅳ. CODA305

8. Are Victims of Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Entitled to Compensation?&Paola Gaeta305

1. Introduction305

2. The Question of the Beneficiaries of the State's Obligation to Pay Compensation under Article 3 of Hague Convention IV (Hague IV) and Additional Protocol I (AP I)308

3. Subjects Entitled to Reparation under the Rules of International State Responsibility for Wrongful Acts311

A. The (ir)relevance of the Articles on State Responsibility for international wrongful acts312

B. The obligation to repair in case of injuries stemming from violations of erga omnes obligations313

4. Do Individuals Enjoy Rights under International Humanitarian Law (IHL)?318

A. The individuals as holders of primary rights under IHL318

B. The individuals as holders of 'secondary' rights under IHL320

C. How can the relationship of international responsibility of the state towards individuals be enforced?322

5. Conclusion326

9. Post-conflict Accountability and the Reshaping of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law&Christine Bell328

1. Introduction328

2. Post-conflict Hybridity and Accountability329

A. Post-conflict hybridity329

B. Post-conflict accountability331

C. Joined up accountability?333

3. Transitional Justice335

A. Human rights law336

B. Humanitarian law338

C. International criminal justice340

D. Regime-merge?341

E. Institutional innovation344

F. Conclusion348

4. Accountability of Third Party Actors348

A. Human rights law350

B. Humanitarian law352

C. Regime-merge?355

D. Institutional innovation358

5. Re-conceiving the Connections361

A. Jus post bellum361

B. Piece-meal reform through norm-creation363

C. Embracing legal pluralism and 'complex accountability'365

6. Conclusion367

Index371