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Unit One Beijing1

Ⅰ．Reading Materials1

1．Beijing Today and Yesterday1

Contents1

2．The Great Wall5

3．The Temple of Heaven6

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions8

Ⅲ．Language Points17

1．“解放”怎么译？17

2．一些中国特有的词组、用语的翻译17

3．表示地理位置时用的介词in，of和to17

4．倍数表达法17

、 5．同义词、近义词辨析18

1．Sports in China20

Unit Two Sports20

Ⅰ．Reading Materials20

2．Wushu－A Traditional Sport24

3．Qigong26

4．China’s Football Needs Reform27

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions28

Ⅲ．Language Points40

1．Record一词的搭配法40

2．得冠军、得奖牌的表达法41

3．体育运动中的“实力”、“强项”怎么译？41

4．“黑马”为什么是“dark”horse？42

5．同义词、近义词辨析42

1．Guidelines and Goals for Educatiohal Development43

Unit Three Education43

Ⅰ．Reading Materials43

2．Major Types of Education in China44

3．Preschool Education45

4．Project Hope46

5．Vocational Education48

6．Reform in Higher Education50

7．Comprehensive Rural Education Reform51

8．Zhongshan University52

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions55

Ⅲ．Language Points68

1．Education一词的搭配法68

3．Ability一词的搭配法69

2．School一词的搭配法69

4．“培养（人才）”怎么译？70

5．“工作单位”怎么译？70

6．Program一词的意思70

7．同义词、近义词辨析71

Unit Four Economy and Reform73

Ⅰ．Reading Materials73

1．China’s Economy in the 1990s73

2．Fresh Impetus from Deng Xiaoping’s Message on Reform and Opening Up78

3．China’s Second Revolution82

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions86

Ⅲ．Language Points94

1．Reform一词的搭配法94

3．“坚持”怎么译？95

2．“改革开放”的表达法95

4．直译与意译97

5．同义词、近义词辨析98

Unit Five Industry100

Ⅰ．Reading Materials100

1．Shoudu Iron and Steel Company100

2．Reasons for a Successful Reform：Questions and Answers101

3．China’s Light Industry104

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions106

参观单位接待用语112

Ⅲ．Language Points114

1．System一词的搭配法114

2．增／减产的表达法114

4．Operation一词的意思115

3．“达到”怎么译？115

5．Capacity一词的意思116

6．同义词、近义词辨析117

Unit Six Agriculture118

Ⅰ．Reading Materials118

1．China’s Rural Reform118

2．Village and Township Industries Develop and Flourish123

3．Spark Plan Leads Rural Enterprises to Prosperity125

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions127

Ⅲ．Language Points134

1．Attention一词的搭配法134

2．“提高”的表达法135

4．“生产”、“产量”、“产品”的各种表达法136

3．农村的“村”、“乡”、“县”、“专区”如何表达？136

5．同义词、近义词辨析138

Unit Seven Foreign Trade and Special Economic ZonesⅠ．Reading Materials140

1．China’s Foreign Economic Relations and Trade140

2．Special Economic Zones in China144

3．Hainan Special Economic Zone145

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions147

Ⅲ．Language Points157

1．Trade一词的搭配法157

2．“参加”、“参与”怎么译？158

3．动词expand的用法159

4．口译中的取舍160

1．Chinese Women－Half of the Sky161

Ⅰ．Reading Materials161

Unit Eight Women and Children161

2．Women in Political Life162

3．Employment of Women164

4．Education for Women166

5．Social Welfare for Women167

6．Chinese Laws Protect Minors169

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions172

一些正、副职的表达法188

Ⅲ．Language Points189

1．Consciousness一词的搭配法189

2．构成百分比的一些表达法190

3．“平等”、“不平等”如何表达？190

1．Characteristics of the Aging of Population in China192

Unit Nine The Elderly and the Family192

Ⅰ．Reading Materials192

2．The Work on Aging in China193

3．The Chinese Family and Family Life195

4．Traditional Ethics and Contemporary Marriage198

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions200

Ⅲ．Language Points207

1．Standard一词的搭配法207

2．Change一词的搭配法208

3．“老人”怎么译？209

4．同义词、近义词辨析209

1．Free Medical Care211

Ⅰ．Reading Materials211

Unit Ten Medicine211

2．Reform in the Free Medical Care System213

3．Traditional Chinese Medicine215

4．Beijing Friendship Hospital217

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions218

Ⅲ．Language Points235

1．Cover和某种“保险”连用235

2．Develop和某种“疾病”连用236

3．“上升”和“下降”的表达法236

4．“机关”、“机构”怎么译？236

5．同义词、近义词辨析237

Ⅰ．Reading Materials240

1．Characteristics of China’s Population240

Unit Eleven Population and Family Planning240

2．Three Patterns of China’s Population Growth242

3．Family Planning in China243

4．Further Practice of Family Planning Needed248

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions250

Ⅲ．Language Points254

1．“照顾”怎么译？254

2．“考虑”怎么译？255

3．“宣传”、“传播”、“普及”、“推广”怎么译？256

4．Achieve作及物动词的种种用法257

5．同义词、近义词辨析258

Ⅰ．Reading Materials260

1．China—A Unitary，Multi-National Country260

Unit Twelve Minority Nationalities260

2．China’s Policies on Nationalities263

3．China’s 56 Nationalities263

4．Democratic Reform，Socialist Transforrmation and National Autonomy267

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions269

Ⅲ．Language Points278

1．Unity一词的搭配法278

2．Movement一词的搭配法278

3．Practice作及物动词的种种用法278

4．同义词、近义词辨析279

Unit Thirteen Religion281

Ⅰ．Reading Materials281

1．ReligiousBeliefs of the Nationalities in China281

2．China’s Policy on Religious Belief288

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions289

1．Influence一词的搭配法299

Ⅲ．Language Points299

2．Activity一词的搭配法300

3．Policy一词的搭配法301

4．同义词、近义词辨析302

Unit Fourteen Environmental Protection304

Ⅰ．Reading Materials304

1．China’s Position on Environment and Development304

2．The Environmental Situation in China Today308

3．Afforestation of Taihang Mountains310

4．Plans to Add More Sea Parks311

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions312

1．Cooperation一词的搭配法321

Ⅲ．Language Points321

2．Development一词的搭配法322

3．Partnership一词的搭配法322

4．同义词、近义词辨析323

Unit Fifteen China’s Foreign Policy325

Ⅰ．Reading Materials325

1．China’s Foreign Policy325

2．China’s Views on a New World Order and Human Rights327

3．Sino-Japanese Relations330

4．Sino-U．S．Relations333

5．Ties with Western Europe335

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions337

1．Relation一词的搭配法350

Ⅲ．Language Points350

2．Principle一词的搭配法351

3．Friendship一词的搭配法352

4．“主张”怎么译？353

5．“维护”怎么译？354

6．“重视”、“注意”怎么译？355

7．“反对”怎么译？358

8．“遵守”、“遵循”、“遵照”怎么译？358

9．祝酒时怎么说？360

Unit Sixteen Policies towards Hong Kong，Macao，and TaiwanⅠ．Reading Materials361

1．Taiwan，Hong Kong，and Macao－All Part of China’s Territory361

2．The Hong Kong Question362

3．The Macao Question367

4．The Taiwan Question369

Ⅱ．Words and Expressions372

Ⅲ．Language Points381

1．Sovereignty一词的搭配法381

2．Treaty一词的搭配法381

3．“恢复”怎么译？382

4．“按照”、“根据”怎么译？383

5．同义词、近义词辨析386

Appendixes390

附录一 口译使用的语言390

附录二 如何记笔记396

附录三 数字的译法400

附录四 成语、谚语的译法403

Exercises and Key to Exercises407